With the continuous innovation of technology, membrane separation technology and continuous moving bed technology have gradually replaced traditional plate frame filtration, fixed bed and other equipment in the process of antibiotic extraction, effectively solving the problems of poor antibiotic quality, outdated technology, and poor production environment. Membrane separation technology and continuous moving bed technology are widely used in the production of antibiotics, such as penicillin, cephalosporins, erythromycin, colistin sulfate, etc.

Membrane extraction process for antibiotics:

Traditional antibiotic extraction process: fermentation broth → filtration or centrifugation or macroporous resin adsorption, extraction → concentration → decolorization → drying → product.

The use of membrane separation technology can be simplified as follows: fermentation broth → ultrafiltration → nanofiltration (or reverse osmosis) → decolorization → drying → product.

Antibiotic extraction membrane technology:

The traditional process was improved. The Ceramic membrane ultrafiltration (membrane aperture 50nm) technology was used to separate and remove impurities from the acid adjusted colistin sulfate fermentation broth, replacing the traditional plate and frame filter pressing technology. When the concentration was three times, the yield was increased to more than 95% through intermittent water dialysis, greatly improving the product yield and product quality.

     The sugar removal and purification system utilizes a nanofiltration membrane separation technology with high separation efficiency and a molecular weight of 600 to remove sugar from the ultrafiltration filtrate. The permeate of nanofiltration only contains monosaccharides, which can be discharged into the sewage treatment pipeline. The nanofiltration process is completely a physical process, operated at room temperature, with phase change occurring, low energy consumption, stable product quality, and a yield of colistin sulfate exceeding 95%.

Membrane separation technology and continuous moving bed technology are widely used in the antibiotic industry:

1. Use Ceramic membrane and flat membrane instead of plate frame and other traditional filtration methods to clarify fermentation broth, improve filtrate quality, and reduce resin pollution and solvent consumption in the subsequent process

2. Apply ultrafiltration membrane for protein removal and decolorization to achieve high-quality

3. Using nanofiltration membranes to concentrate antibiotics, replacing or shortening evaporation concentration time; Increase crystallization yield or reduce evaporation loss

4. Replacing fixed beds with continuous moving beds to save resin usage and reduce unit consumption

5. Membrane technology for recycling various mother liquids, waste liquids, and reclaimed water for reuse

Membrane separation technology for antibiotics has the following characteristics:

1. High separation accuracy, clear and transparent filtrate, low impurity content, greatly reducing the difficulty of subsequent processing;

2. Separation at room temperature is suitable for the separation, concentration, and purification of heat sensitive substances (such as drugs, fruits, enzymes, etc.);

3. It can achieve high magnification concentration and significantly increase the product yield (5-12%) compared to traditional processes. The concentrated bacterial body can be recycled as feed;

4. Greatly reduce water usage and reduce wastewater discharge;

5. The matched ion exchange resin and macroporous adsorption resin can extend the service life by 2-3 times;

6. Asymmetric membrane pore size distribution, less prone to contamination, can maintain long-term stable filtration at high throughput;

7. The membrane components have a long lifespan, simple regeneration, low cost, stable operation process, and fully guaranteed product quality;

8. The membrane materials and auxiliary equipment materials are all pollution-free materials that comply with GMP specifications;

9. It can achieve full automatic control of the PLC upper computer, with simple operation, greatly reducing labor intensity, and easy cleaning and maintenance;

10. Supporting nanofiltration concentration to form a membrane integrated system.

Process flow of lactobacillus fermentation broth

      The fermentation broth is concentrated through membrane filtration, and the concentrated solution can be filtered through plates and frames or directly used as a calcium supplement for livestock feed** The membrane permeate and the plate frame pressure filtrate are concentrated through nanofiltration, then crystallized by standing still. Calcium lactate is obtained by filtering through the filter screen. High purity solid calcium lactate can be obtained by washing the surface fabric liquid with cold water. The filtrate can be concentrated again and crystallized again. According to the process requirements, the filtrate can be collected and concentrated again to improve the yield.

Nanofiltration filtrate can also be used as an additive for livestock feed.

Advantages of using membrane filtration system to extract calcium lactate:

1. Conducted at room temperature, under mild conditions without component damage, particularly suitable for heat sensitive substances;

2. Pure physical filtration, without phase change or qualitative change, without damaging the active ingredients;

3. High filtration accuracy, uniform pore size distribution, capable of purifying and concentrating the effective components of fermentation broth;

4. The system is easy to operate, has a short process, and is easy to clean and maintain;

5. After the fermentation broth is concentrated through a filter membrane, it not only has a small volume, fast column loading time, and low resin consumption, but also can simultaneously recover mycelium, improving production efficiency, resin service life, and regeneration cycle;

6. The system is designed for cross flow operation, without the need for adding filter aids and introducing new impurities, completely solving the problem of pollution and blockage;

7. Modular design of the system, convenient replacement of filter materials, design of online regeneration cleaning and sewage discharge devices, reduce labor intensity and production costs, and improve production efficiency;

8. Select stainless steel sanitary materials that comply with QS quality standards;

9. The system is automatically controlled by PLC, with low labor intensity. The membrane filtration process is carried out in a closed container, achieving clean production;

10. The membrane filtration element has a large filling area and a small system footprint, making it convenient for technical improvement, expansion, or new construction projects, effectively reducing investment and production costs.

     Bona Bio has successfully applied membrane separation technology to the clarification and sterilization process of traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid, optimizing traditional processes and designing a complete set of microfiltration and ultrafiltration membrane separation systems suitable for the production of traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid. These systems have been widely used in industry and can effectively solve bacterial pollution and product turbidity, ensuring product quality while bringing considerable economic benefits to the enterprise. Combining our own professional key technologies and selecting different material separation membrane elements for different compound oral formulations, under different operating parameters, the oral liquid ensures the transfer of content indicators, while solving the problem of clarification and filtration, sealing and sterilization of oral liquid, and long-term storage, it still remains clear and transparent, with no visible foreign objects detected by the light, and good color.

The application process of membrane separation technology in traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid:

Extraction solution → Plate frame/titanium rod filtration → Single effect/double effect concentration → Alcohol sedimentation, water sedimentation → Ultrafiltration membrane filtration → Sealing → Sterilization → Finished product

Traditional Chinese Medicine Oral Liquid Membrane Separation Technology:

The relative molecular weight of active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine is generally small, while the relative molecular weight of ineffective ingredients is large. Therefore, membrane separation ultrafiltration technology can be used to remove polymer impurities without losing the effective ingredients of the medicine. Ultrafiltration membrane technology selects membranes with different pore sizes and operating parameters based on molecular weight, structure, solution temperature, concentration, pH value, viscosity, etc. Based on the selective screening principle of membranes, it intercepts macromolecular impurities, allowing the effective components of traditional Chinese medicine to penetrate, and the ineffective components of polymers to be intercepted, thus achieving the effect of clarification, impurity removal, and long-term absence of precipitation.

Technical characteristics of ultrafiltration membrane filtration for traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid:

(1) Ultrafiltration membrane has high filtration accuracy, clear and transparent permeate, and improves product quality;

(2) Homogeneous filtration with minimal loss of active ingredients;

(3) Reduce the loss of consumables and reduce enterprise costs;

(4) Cross flow filtration can solve the problem of contamination and blockage in high concentration pharmaceutical liquid filtration;

(5) The membrane system has a high degree of self-control and is easy to operate, clean, and maintain;

(6) The equipment uses sanitary grade materials and meets GMP certification standards.

The current production methods of soy protein mainly rely on enzymatic hydrolysis or acid method, but the purification process is complex, and the yield and purity of the product are not high, especially when other side reaction products are produced during the enzymatic hydrolysis process, which affects its subsequent use. Therefore, developing new processes for producing high-purity and low-cost soy protein is of great significance.

The soybean protein membrane concentration equipment uses ultrafiltration technology to produce soybean protein isolate, which can fundamentally change the traditional alkaline acid immersion washing method and greatly improve product quality. The molecular weight of soybean protein is relatively large, with a molecular weight of over 20000 accounting for over 95%. This allows for the separation, purification, and concentration of soy protein isolate without phase change, effectively avoiding the increase in salt content caused by repeated denaturation in the traditional process of acid-base regulation, greatly improving protein purity (up to 92%) and reducing ash content (≤ 4.0%).

Soybean protein membrane ultrafiltration concentration technology:

The industrial device for applying ultrafiltration membrane to soybean milk protein concentration has been built. Compared with traditional evaporation processes, ultrafiltration can obtain higher solid content, save energy, and achieve clean production. There are also precedents for the application of tubular membrane ultrafiltration in the concentration of soy milk. The solid content of this device has increased from 4% to 23%, and the cutting molecular weight of the tubular membrane used is 20000, with an operating temperature between 40-50 degrees Celsius.

Characteristics of soybean protein film concentration film:

1. This membrane system not only achieves sterilization and impurity removal filtration of the raw material solution, but also achieves the separation of macromolecular substances and small molecule substances at room temperature; Concentration of various effective soybean functional factors with water and small molecule substances.

2. The membrane system has the characteristic of high separation efficiency, which is used for clarification, sterilization, impurity removal and filtration of raw material liquid. It can completely remove macromolecular tannins, pectin, mechanical particle impurities, foreign objects, and various microorganisms that affect product quality in the raw material liquid. The resulting product has good quality stability.

3. Compared with traditional processes, membrane systems can achieve long-term stable and continuous industrial production, and the system has good recoverability.

4. The membrane treatment system can reduce the discharge of wastewater and waste residue, effectively alleviate the environmental pressure of enterprises, shorten the production cycle, reduce system energy consumption, reduce equipment operating costs, and achieve continuous and clean production.

5. The fully automatic control system will centralize online monitoring of important operating parameters, achieve multi-functional early warning and chain control, and control some components with excellent quality, which can effectively reduce the labor intensity of workers.

Bone soup/bone extract contains rich protein components (hydrolyzed into bone peptides), which can be filtered and concentrated as a food additive. It has been widely used in the fields of food and health products. In general, raw materials such as pig bones, cow bones, sheep bones, chicken bones, and fish bones are crushed and steamed. The steamed bone soup is initially precipitated/centrifuged to obtain a milky white bone soup stock solution (bone peptide stock solution is obtained after enzymatic hydrolysis). Traditional bone soup stock solutions require multi-stage centrifugation to remove oil and impurities, and the resulting filtrate is a turbid liquid that is not clear enough. The centrifugal process is high in energy consumption, labor-intensive, and difficult to achieve automation.

Shandong Bona Biotechnology Group Co., Ltd. is dedicated to the development of membrane separation and concentration technology and the production of membrane equipment. It has developed an integrated process of membrane filtration and membrane concentration to replace traditional processes. Firstly, membrane filtration technology is used to pre-treat the original solution of bone soup, remove impurities such as colloids, oil lipids, and bone residue, and retain most of the effective components such as proteins in bone soup. Then, the filtrate is sent to the membrane concentration equipment for concentration, Bone soup can be concentrated up to 10 times, with a protein content of over 40%. Our company has optimized the selection of membrane cores for membrane concentration equipment, doubled the concentration speed, and achieved an automated process for bone soup filtration and concentration, effectively reducing concentration energy consumption costs.

The process flow is shown in the following figure:

Process characteristics:

1. Membrane filtration pretreatment can withstand high temperatures, and bone soup does not need to be cooled, reducing energy loss;

2. The filtrate obtained from pre-treatment is clear and transparent, with high quality filtrate and good pre-treatment effect;

3. The membrane concentration process can withstand high temperatures and reduce energy loss;

4. The membrane concentration adopts imported membrane components with stable quality, high concentration efficiency, high concentration multiple, and good product quality;

5. Optimizing the selection of membrane cores during membrane concentration process, resulting in high production efficiency;

6. The entire process has no phase change, effectively retaining nutrients and active ingredients

7. The entire process does not require the addition of chemicals and is pollution-free, making it a green and environmentally friendly technology

8. Optimize system design, with low total energy consumption, low operating costs, simple operation, stable operation, and convenient maintenance;

9. The system automation control can complete integrated data processing and online monitoring, reducing labor intensity;

      The Bona Biological Traditional Chinese Medicine Herbal Tea Membrane Filtration Equipment is based on the selective screening principle of membranes. It uses a tightly distributed ultrafiltration membrane system (with a filtration accuracy of 0.01-0.1um) to filter herbal tea at the molecular level, removing macromolecular soluble impurities that cannot be removed by traditional filtration, and solving the problem of secondary sedimentation. It is currently an ideal filtration technology for clarifying and filtering traditional Chinese medicine herbal tea and health tea.

Process flow of traditional Chinese medicine herbal tea membrane separation and concentration:

Extraction of traditional Chinese medicine → rough filtration → centrifugation → ultrafiltration clarification system → membrane concentration system → sterilization → storage

Traditional Chinese Medicine Cold Tea Membrane Separation and Concentration Technology:

1、 Ultrafiltration Clarification Technology for Traditional Chinese Medicine Herbal Tea

Ultrafiltration membrane separation is a molecular level filtration method that intercepts the active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine while removing macromolecular impurities. It plays a good role in clarifying and filtering herbal tea, and is currently an ideal filtration technology in the clarification and filtration industry of traditional Chinese medicine herbal tea.

2、 Concentration Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Cold Tea Film

Membrane concentration technology utilizes the selective interception characteristics of membranes, which can intercept all active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine herbal tea and only allow water to penetrate, thus achieving the goal of concentrating traditional Chinese medicine herbal tea; Membrane concentration has the advantages of fast concentration speed, low concentration cost, and no loss of herbal tea aroma, making it an ideal concentration equipment in the herbal tea or traditional Chinese medicine extraction industry.

Advantages of Chinese herbal herbal tea ultrafiltration membrane filtration:

1. Ultrafiltration membrane can remove impurities such as macromolecular dissolved substances and colloids from herbal tea, clarify and brighten through the liquid, and prevent sedimentation and post cooling turbidity;

2. The membrane system adopts a cross flow separation method, and the membrane components have strong pollution resistance, without frequent cleaning, reducing cleaning time and labor intensity of workers;

3. Membrane filtration is a physical separation process that does not change the taste of the product without chemical reactions;

4. Membrane filtration can replace traditional diatomaceous earth filtration equipment and sedimentation clarifiers, simplifying the process and saving production costs;

5. The membrane system has a high degree of automation and is controlled by PLC and frequency converter, making it convenient for workers to operate.

      Shandong Bona Biology removes some solid impurities from the plant extract through pre-treatment. After pre-treatment, the feed liquid undergoes ultrafiltration membrane clarification system to remove impurities, and the ultrafiltration clarified liquid enters the concentration membrane system. During the concentration and solvent removal process, some small molecule impurities are removed, and the concentrated solution continues to be processed through subsequent processes. If it is necessary to improve the purity and quality of the product, after the membrane pre-treatment, we can use small molecule ultrafiltration to accurately remove impurities, and the ultrafiltration liquid can then enter the concentration system for concentration treatment.

Plant extraction liquid membrane filtration concentration process flow:

Extraction solution → pretreatment → ultrafiltration → small molecule ultrafiltration → membrane concentration → single effect/multi effect → subsequent processes

Introduction to Separation of Plant Extracts:

During the process of plant extraction, a large amount of impurities such as plant protein, plant colloids, tannins, starch, cellulose, sugars, salts, etc. in the plant come out along with the extraction solution. The presence of these impurities often leaves the extraction solution in a suspended state, seriously affecting the subsequent purification and crystallization processes and quality. Phenomena such as pigment removal, resin blockage, frequent and difficult clarity, increased extraction and crystallization times, and poor crystal color and morphology. Traditional processes such as centrifugation, plate and frame filtration, clarifier method, alcohol precipitation method, macroporous resin adsorption method, and extraction method cannot effectively clarify and separate plant extracts. At the same time, there are also problems such as difficult filtration and fast blockage, high consumption of alcohol precipitation solvent, resin blockage, high energy consumption for high-temperature concentration, emulsification phenomenon during extraction, multiple repeated crystallization, large amount of production extraction wastewater, and environmental burden.

Advantages of plant extraction liquid membrane filtration concentration process:

1. After pre-treatment, the extract is subjected to ultrafiltration to remove macromolecular proteins, tannins, starch, plant fibers, polysaccharides, etc. from the solution, improving the clarity of the extract and protecting the subsequent concentration membrane, ensuring the concentration effect, and extending the service life of the concentration membrane.

2. Small molecule ultrafiltration can effectively remove impurities such as soluble macromolecular proteins, polysaccharides, and colloids, improving product purity and quality. The ultrafiltration membrane has a wide range of pore size and material selectivity, which can be analyzed and selected based on specific products.

3. The concentration membrane can effectively intercept the target components, remove the solvent, and achieve the purpose of concentration; The concentrated effluent is colorless, clear, and transparent, and can be directly extracted, reused, or discharged, saving water resources and reducing environmental pressure.

4. Membrane concentration is a type of room temperature concentration that can reduce the losses caused by the decomposition of active ingredients due to high temperature, ensuring product yield, and saving a large amount of steam and reducing energy consumption;

5. The membrane concentration process is closed, and if the extraction solvent is ethanol, it can reduce the loss of ethanol and save the cost investment caused by ethanol loss.

Bona Biology uses inorganic Ceramic membrane separation technology to filter protein, starch, pectin, tannin and other macromolecular substances as well as microorganisms from the extract of traditional Chinese medicine, while the effective components of traditional Chinese medicine are basically not intercepted; At the same time, according to the requirements of some liquid medicine treatment, the integrated membrane separation process organically combining Ceramic membrane separation technology and organic membrane ultrafiltration nanofiltration separation technology is adopted to form a stepped filtration separation refining liquid medicine, and the advantages of the two types of membrane separation are reasonably applied to the extraction and refining of traditional Chinese patent medicines and simple preparations.

Traditional Chinese medicine plays a very important role in the field of medicine. However, the components of traditional Chinese medicine are complex, and traditional methods for extracting and separating traditional Chinese medicine have shortcomings such as complex processes and low separation efficiency. Membrane separation technology can remove impurities from traditional Chinese medicine extracts, enrich effective parts or components, and is one of the high-tech technologies that urgently need to be promoted in the traditional Chinese medicine pharmaceutical industry. Therefore, in order to achieve the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine and truly promote it to the world market, it is imperative to apply and extract traditional Chinese medicine.

Traditional Chinese Medicine Extraction Membrane Separation and Concentration Technology:

The extract of Chinese herbal medicine is pretreated to remove some solid impurities, and then further clarified through membrane separation. The clarified solution is taken and enters the membrane concentration system. During the concentration and solvent removal process, some small molecule impurities are removed, and the concentrated solution continues to be processed through subsequent processes.

Advantages of Traditional Chinese Medicine Extraction Membrane Separation and Concentration:

1. The traditional Chinese medicine extraction solution is subjected to macromolecular ultrafiltration to remove macromolecular proteins, tannins, starch, plant fibers, polysaccharides, etc. from the solution, improving the clarity of the extraction solution, which is beneficial for protecting the subsequent concentration membrane, ensuring the concentration effect, and extending the service life of the concentration membrane.

2. Small molecule ultrafiltration can effectively remove impurities such as soluble macromolecular proteins, polysaccharides, and colloids, improving product purity and quality. The ultrafiltration membrane has a wide range of pore size and material selectivity, which can be analyzed and selected based on specific products.

3. Membrane concentration can effectively intercept target components and remove solvents to achieve concentration; The concentrated effluent is clear and transparent, and can be directly extracted, reused or discharged, saving water resources and reducing environmental pressure.

4. Membrane concentration is a type of room temperature concentration that can reduce the losses caused by the decomposition of active ingredients due to high temperature, ensuring product yield;

5. The concentration cost of membrane concentration is only about one-fifth of the cost of steam thermal concentration, greatly reducing the production cost of enterprises.

6. The membrane concentration process is closed, and if the extraction solvent is ethanol, it can reduce the loss of ethanol and save the cost investment caused by ethanol loss.

Immunoglobulin (Ig) is a kind of globulin with antibody activity and specific binding reaction with corresponding antigen. It is a kind of protein produced by lymphocytes in vertebrate immune response to antigenic stimulation and generally exists in mammalian blood, tissue fluid, lymph and in vitro secretion. With the development and demand of immunology, the purification of immunoglobulins and their components has become an essential means. Below, we will introduce several commonly used methods for purifying immunoglobulins.

1、 Salting out method

Salt precipitation, as an important precipitation method, is often used in the laboratory to separate and purify proteins, especially for the preliminary separation of raw materials. The solubility of proteins in water depends on the degree of hydration of protein molecules. Adding inorganic salts to change the degree of hydration of proteins can cause protein precipitation. Due to the different number and distribution of polar groups on the surface of various proteins, as the amount of inorganic salts added increases, the precipitation order of different proteins varies. Therefore, by controlling the amount of inorganic salts added, protein separation and purification can be achieved through graded precipitation.

2、 Ion exchange chromatography

Ion exchange refers to the reversible exchange reaction between ions in the liquid phase and dissociative groups on the stationary phase. Using this reaction, the mixture to be separated is first dissociated in a solution of a certain pH, and then flows through the stationary phase to exchange ions with the dissociatable groups on the stationary phase, adsorbing them onto the stationary phase. Any components that cannot be exchanged or adsorbed are then discharged from the chromatographic column. Based on the differences in the dissociation degrees of each group adsorbed on the fixed phase through exchange, solutions with different pH values or salt concentrations are used as mobile phases. Each component is then exchanged and eluted through a chromatography column, and the mixture components are separated to achieve separation. This is called ion exchange chromatography.

3、 Gel filtration method

Gel particles are a network structure. When mixtures with different molecular sizes pass through the gel column, the larger molecules come down first, and the smaller molecules are embedded in the network structure of gel particles and then come down, so as to separate substances with different molecular sizes, which is the role of molecular sieves. Common gel: dextran gel, polyacrylamide gel, agarose gel, and G150 is commonly used to separate Ig.

4、 Affinity chromatography

By utilizing the specificity and reversibility of antigen antibody binding, the purified antigen is first cross-linked onto the carrier (agarose beads) to create an affinity chromatography column. When Ab (Ig) passes through, it binds specifically to the antigen on the column, and impurities in Ab flow out. Then, Ab is released by changing the buffer pH and ionic strength.

 Bona Biotechnology focuses on providing overall solutions for separation and purification projects for domestic and foreign customers, and has become a major research and development and production enterprise and supplier of liquid phase fillers and membrane separation and purification equipment in China. It has reached an advanced level in the development and application of separation and purification technology. If you encounter difficulties in separation and purification, please feel free to contact us at any time, and we will have professional technical personnel to answer your questions.

Shandong Bona Biotechnology Group Co., Ltd. has utilized its professional advantages in membrane separation technology for many years, and after repeated experiments and demonstrations, has successfully developed and produced a plasma protein membrane concentration process. Not only does it reduce the production cost of plasma protein powder, but it also reduces the ash content of plasma protein powder and improves the quality of the product.

Membrane concentration process for plasma protein:

Plasma storage tank → Pretreatment system → Ultrafiltration membrane feed pump → Ultrafiltration membrane filtration system → Ultrafiltration membrane high-pressure circulation pump → Ultrafiltration membrane concentration and separation system → Concentrated plasma storage tank

1、 Design basis

Select a certain molecular weight ultrafiltration membrane and use a unique technology to concentrate and separate the plasma separated by a high-speed tube centrifuge, removing some moisture and ash. This concentration system is designed with continuous feeding and discharging, which is filtered by the pre-treatment system before entering the membrane system. The plasma is transported by the feed pump to the filtration system configured by the ultrafiltration membrane itself, and then enters the high-pressure pump. The plasma concentration is achieved through the pressure increase of the high-pressure pump. The concentrated plasma is sent to the product refrigeration circulation tank for subsequent treatment, and the concentrated effluent is directly discharged.

2、 Design basis

This technology belongs to the field of ultrafiltration membrane concentration material treatment, involving the optimization of traditional plasma membrane treatment processes and the improvement of membrane efficiency and service life. Fresh plasma has undergone excellent anticoagulation pretreatment to ensure that there are no flocculent substances in the plasma before entering the membrane system; Fresh blood that has undergone anticoagulation treatment and refrigerated transportation at the slaughterhouse must be separated from plasma and blood cells at the ultrafiltration membrane concentration site using a high-speed tube centrifuge; The color of the separated plasma is relatively light.

Technical advantages of plasma protein membrane concentration process:

1. The membrane concentration process is room temperature concentration, and there is no phase change during the concentration process. Under the same conditions, the concentration energy consumption is much lower;

2. The membrane concentration process is concentrated at room temperature, which can prevent the denaturation and inactivation of thermosensitive proteins while effectively preventing plasma from freezing at high temperatures;

3. During membrane concentration, some inorganic salts are removed, reducing ash content and effectively improving product quality;

4. The membrane concentration system adopts a cross flow process, which can effectively solve the problem of membrane fouling and blockage;

5. Membrane equipment occupies a small area, has a long service life, and reduces production costs and investment;

6. High degree of automation, clean production, reduced labor intensity, safe and reliable.

The "Catalogue of Cosmetic Ingredients in Use (2021 Edition)" includes a total of 8,965 cosmetic ingredients that are produced and sold within China, among which there are over 3,400 plant-based ingredients. The application of plant extracts as cosmetic raw materials is becoming increasingly widespread. Plant extracts not only have multiple functions but are also favored by consumers for their natural and safe characteristics.

Common plant extracts, such as aloe vera extract, have excellent lubricating and moisturizing effects, and can also reduce inflammation and promote the healing of damaged skin. Centella asiatica extract has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, can promote blood circulation, increase skin thickness, and is suitable for rough, cracked skin and lip care. Ginseng extract: can promote skin function, increase skin vitality, and has anti-aging and anti-wrinkle effects, especially suitable for dry and sensitive skin. Green tea extract: rich in tea polyphenols, has antioxidant, pH regulation, and sebum secretion inhibition effects. Licorice extract: has anti-inflammatory, soothing, detoxifying, antibacterial, whitening, and anti-aging effects. Glycyrrhiza glabra extract: widely used in the cosmetics field due to its excellent moisturizing, repairing, and anti-aging effects. Paeonia suffruticosa root bark extract: has significant whitening effects. These plant extracts are widely used in moisturizers, soothers, cleansers, whitening agents, and other types of cosmetics.

With the increasing maturity of plant callus culture technology, the content of active ingredients in callus culture products has significantly increased. Due to the lack of source restrictions, callus culture product extracts are also finding more and more applications.

The extraction and purification process of plant extracts usually includes the following steps:

(1) Raw material pretreatment: including cleaning, decontamination, drying, and grinding, to ensure the purity of the raw materials and the efficiency of extraction.

(2) Extraction: solvent extraction uses water or organic solvents to soak or heat to extract active ingredients from plants; ultrasonic extraction uses ultrasonic vibration to break down plant cell walls and accelerate the release of effective components.

(3) Separation and purification: including precipitation, membrane filtration, extraction, column chromatography, and other methods to remove impurities and increase the purity of the target components.

(4) Concentration and drying: through membrane concentration, vacuum evaporation, or spray drying, etc., to remove excess solvents and make the extract into powder or granules.

(5) For water-based products, they are usually used after direct extraction and purification without the need for concentration and drying steps, which can better preserve the effective components and exert greater functions.

Due to the requirements of downstream products for the purity, content, clarity, and stability of plant extracts, membrane filtration technology is playing an increasingly important role in the purification of water-soluble plant extracts.

Applications of membrane filtration technology - ceramic membranes, ultrafiltration membranes, nanofiltration membranes

- Clarification filtration: removing visible suspended matter and flocs to obtain a clear solution.

- Improving shelf life stability: removing large molecules to prevent the formation of suspended matter and extend the shelf life.

- Increasing component content: removing large molecule polysaccharides, proteins, and colloidal substances, etc.

- Increasing component content: retaining effective components and passing through and removing ineffective small molecule components.

- Increasing the concentration of effective components: high multiple concentration of water-soluble effective components in the extract.

- Removing inorganic salts: removing inorganic salt components from plant culture or extraction solutions to improve the stability of downstream formulations.

- Grading filtration of effective components: size grading based on molecular weight, such as the grading filtration of tannins, etc.

Membrane filtration technology plays a significant role in the separation and purification of plant extracts. Bonnatech is dedicated to the development of membrane application processes and the manufacturing of membranes and equipment. It has accumulated rich process and engineering experience in the purification of products such as dendrobium extract (cultured), centella asiatica extract, anthocyanin extract, epimedium extract, ginseng extract, chamomile SOD extract, rose extract, sea fennel extract (cultured), tanshinone extract, golden mushroom extract, burdock extract, black tea extract, licorice extract, puerarin extract, safflower extract, and jujube leaf extract. It helps customers optimize processes in extract clarification, purification, and concentration, accelerate project progress, and improve product quality to bring products to market earlier.

Collagen is the matrix component of the dermis, which is mainly composed of type I collagen and type III collagen. Type I collagen is located in the deep dermis, with a large amount and thick fibers in a bundle shape, playing a supporting role; Type III collagen is mostly located in the superficial layer of the dermis, with a small amount, fine fibers, and a sparse network, making the skin elastic.

The main basic unit of collagen is the collagen tripeptide unit - glycine X-Y (where X includes proline or hydroxyproline, Y includes serine, glutamic acid, etc.). Soluble type I collagen has a molecular weight of less than 300000, and collagen has the characteristic of being easily soluble in acidic aqueous solutions.

Type I collagen raw materials include animal derived bovine bones, tendons, pig skin, fish skin, etc; Type I collagen has a wide molecular weight distribution range and a large yield, and its uses include medicinal excipients, medical devices, cosmetics, etc. The molecular weight of type III collagen is about 55KD, and the product mainly comes from recombinant bacterial fermentation. Due to its 100% human origin, it has the advantage of no allergic reactions and no rejection, and is mainly used in medical and cosmetics.

The production process of type I collagen includes deacidification and desalination of collagen solution, removal of small molecule derivatization reagents, removal of small molecule weight collagen and collagen peptides, concentration of collagen, etc. The production process of type III collagen mainly includes the clarification of recombinant bacterial crushing solution, the removal of high and low molecular weight impurities in collagen, and the exchange and concentration of collagen eluent. Product quality control indicators include: purity of main components, impurity content, pH, conductivity, clarity, concentration, etc.

Collagen has the characteristics of high molecular weight and high solution viscosity. Shandong Bona Biotechnology Group Co., Ltd. has fully achieved the process goals and product batch production of collagen by selecting appropriate filter membrane types and accuracy, combined with membrane filtration systems.

The membrane filtration system has many advantages in processing collagen raw materials:

1. Normal temperature, mild conditions, no component damage, especially suitable for heat sensitive substances;

2. Pure physical filtration, no phase change or qualitative change, without damaging the active ingredients;

3. High filtration accuracy, uniform pore size distribution, enabling the purification and concentration of effective ingredients;

4. The system is easy to operate, has a short process, and is easy to clean and maintain;

5. The material liquid treated by the membrane is clear and stable in nature, which is conducive to further processing in subsequent steps;

6. The system is designed for cross flow operation, without the need for additives or the introduction of new impurities, completely solving the problem of pollution and blockage;

7. Modular design of the system, convenient replacement of membrane components, design of online cleaning and sewage discharge devices, reducing labor intensity and production costs, and improving production efficiency;

8. Select stainless steel sanitary materials that comply with QS quality standards;

9. The system is automatically controlled by PLC, with low labor intensity. The membrane filtration process is carried out in a closed container, achieving clean production;

10. The membrane filtration element has a large filling area and a small system footprint, making it convenient for technical improvement, expansion, or new construction projects, effectively reducing investment and production costs.

According to the 2021 edition of the "Catalogue of Used Cosmetic Ingredients", there are nearly 9000 types of cosmetic ingredients. This includes single components from chemical synthesis or biological fermentation sources, as well as multi component extracts from animals, plants, microorganisms, and ferns, which have functions such as moisturizing, antioxidant whitening, and repair. Cosmetic raw materials are classified according to their composition, including alcohols, esters, proteins, peptides, amino acids, amino acid analogues, polysaccharides, sugar derivatives, nucleic acids, and other functional components; According to molecular weight, it is divided into high molecular weight components (such as hyaluronic acid, collagen, polyglutamic acid, seaweed polysaccharides, etc.), medium molecular weight components (such as low molecular weight hyaluronic acid, collagen peptide, hexapeptide, palmitic acid tripeptide, etc.), and small molecular weight components (such as collagen tripeptide, carnosine, hyaluronic acid, ergothione, epicycline, arginine, methionine, etc.).

Quality control indicators for cosmetic raw materials, including but not limited to main component content, purity, microbial and inorganic salt residues, etc. Biological cosmetic raw materials have the characteristics of diverse sources and high product quality requirements, so their production process and quality control rely more on modern separation and purification methods. Membrane filtration method, with its outstanding characteristics and significant advantages, has become a necessary option for many cosmetic raw material production processes.

Membrane filtration methods include microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis, etc. The form of membrane elements includes inorganic tubular Ceramic membrane, organic hollow membrane, organic roll membrane, organic plate membrane, etc. The industrial membrane filtration system uses cross flow filtration system, which can realize the production functions of cosmetics raw materials such as clarification, grading, decolorization, desalination and concentration.

The membrane filtration system has many advantages in treating cosmetic raw materials:

1. Normal temperature, mild conditions, no component damage, especially suitable for heat sensitive substances;

2. Pure physical filtration, no phase change or qualitative change, without damaging the active ingredients;

3. High filtration accuracy, uniform pore size distribution, enabling the purification and concentration of effective ingredients;

4. The system is easy to operate, has a short process, and is easy to clean and maintain;

5. The material liquid treated by the membrane is clear and stable in nature, which is conducive to further processing in subsequent steps;

6. The system is designed for cross flow operation, without the need for additives or the introduction of new impurities, completely solving the problem of pollution and blockage;

7. Modular design of the system, convenient replacement of membrane components, design of online cleaning and sewage discharge devices, reducing labor intensity and production costs, and improving production efficiency;

8. Select stainless steel sanitary materials that comply with QS quality standards;

9. The system is automatically controlled by PLC, with high labor intensity. The membrane filtration process is carried out in a closed container to achieve clean production;

10. The membrane filtration element has a large filling area and a small system footprint, making it convenient for technical improvement, expansion, or new construction projects, effectively reducing investment and production costs.

Graphene is a two-dimensional carbon nanomaterial composed of carbon atoms in a hexagonal honeycomb lattice, with stable structure, high conductivity, toughness, and high strength. It is known as "black gold" and also known as the "king of new materials", and has important applications in fields such as electronics, energy storage, composite materials, aerospace, etc. China attaches great importance to the development of the graphene industry and has included graphene in the 165 major projects of the 13th Five Year Plan.

At present, the global graphene market is mainly divided into two categories: graphite oxide (GO) and graphene nanosheets (GNP). Among them, graphite oxide has a high market share, accounting for more than 60% of the global market share. Currently, the main preparation methods for graphene include mechanical stripping, solvent stripping, chemical vapor deposition, crystal epitaxial growth, and redox methods. The production efficiency of using mechanical stripping method and solvent stripping method is relatively low; Chemical vapor deposition and crystal epitaxial growth methods have high costs, complex operations, and are unable to produce large areas of graphene; The redox method is generally obtained from the oxidation of graphite by strong acid. However, graphite oxide is a nanometer sized ultrafine particle. The traditional filtration process can not achieve a good solid-liquid separation, and the product loss rate and water consumption of the washing process are high, resulting in poor continuity and stability of the production of graphite oxide.

To solve the above problems, Bona has developed an advanced Ceramic membrane concentration process, which can efficiently and quickly purify graphene, remove concentrated sulfuric acid, potassium and manganese ion impurities in graphene solution, and obtain high-purity and high concentration graphene.

Ceramic membrane concentration process flow:

Advantages of Ceramic membrane concentration process:

1. Ceramic membrane has the characteristics of high separation precision, high chemical stability and long service life, which is especially suitable for the solid-liquid separation process of ultrafine particles under harsh chemical environment;

2. The acid containing slurry of graphite oxide can be quickly washed to neutral, the salt removal rate can reach more than 99, and the graphite oxide product has no loss;

3. Adopting cross flow filtration method, the membrane is not easily polluted and blocked, saving time and improving production capacity;

4. Strong anti pollution ability, calmly facing high solid content/high concentration materials for dehydration and concentration, resistant to acid, alkali, and organic solvents.

5. The fully automatic intelligent control system reduces the labor force of workers, simplifies operation and maintenance, and reduces production costs for enterprises.

Bona Biology has successfully applied the Ceramic membrane technology to the dehydration and concentration of high solid content/high purity materials. If you have this demand or have problems in membrane filtration, please feel free to contact us, and we will have professional technicians to answer your questions.

     The concentration stage of silica sol production is a process that consumes a lot of energy and has a long cycle. The traditional concentration method usually uses reduced atmospheric pressure dehydration to obtain the required concentration of silica sol. The ultrafiltration membrane concentration method has lower energy consumption per unit output, shorter cycle, and less equipment investment, making it an effective way to reduce product costs and improve product quality.

Through a large number of application projects of Ceramic membrane for silica sol concentration, we have mastered the reliable technology and parameters of Ceramic membrane applied to silica sol concentration, and achieved technological breakthroughs in membrane separation research: compared with organic ultrafiltration membrane, the organic ultrafiltration membrane has the maximum processing capacity to concentrate silica sol to 30%, and when the concentration is greater than 30%, the organic ultrafiltration membrane is worn seriously, the loss is particularly fast, and it is easy to cause irreversible damage. At this time, only new membrane elements can be replaced, Inorganic Ceramic membrane can concentrate silica sol to more than 40%, and can quickly restore production capacity after cleaning, and continue to use.

Inorganic Ceramic membrane can not only effectively remove water in dilute sol, but also remove suspended solids or particles, increase the efficiency and quality of filtration, be easy to clean, have strong reproducibility, save manpower and material resources, greatly improve the service life of equipment, and bring benefits to silica sol manufacturers.

Bona Bio is a professional manufacturer of membrane separation equipment, with a group of senior engineers in membrane engineering applications. After years of technical development and engineering practice, we have mastered advanced ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis and Ceramic membrane technologies. Focusing on designing and producing small-scale, pilot, and industrial equipment for customers. If you encounter any difficulties in membrane filtration, please feel free to contact us at any time, and we will have professional technical personnel to answer your questions.